一国或地区的航空公司不降落而飞越他国或地区领土的权利。例如：北京—纽约，中途飞越日本领空，那就要和日本签订领空飞越权，否则只能绕道飞行。
第二航权：技术降落权。
一国或地区的航空公司在飞至另一国或地区途中，为非营运理由而降落其他国家或地区的权利，诸如维修、加油。例如：上海—芝加哥，由飞机机型的原因，不能直接飞抵，中间需要在安克雷奇加油，但不允许在安克雷奇上下旅客和货物。
第三航权：目的地下客权。
某国或地区的航空公司自其登记国或地区载运客货至另一国或地区的权利。例如：北京—东京，日本允许中国民航承运的旅客在东京进港。
第四航权：目的地上客权。
某国或地区的航空公司自另一国地区载运客货返回其登记国或地区的权利。例如：北京—东京，日本允许旅客搭乘中国民航的航班出境，否则中国民航只能空载返回。
第五航权：中间点权或延远权。
某国或地区的航空公司在其登记国或地区以外的两国或地区间载运客货，但其班机的起点与终点必须为其登记国或地区。也就是说，第五航权是要和两个或两个以上的国家进行谈判的。以新加坡航空公司的货机为例，它执飞新加坡经我国厦门、南京到美国芝加哥的航线，并在厦门、南京拥有装卸国际货物的权利。
第六航权：桥梁权。
某国或地区的航空公司在境外两国或地区间载运客货且中经其登记国或地区（此为第三及第四自由的结合）的权利。例如：伦敦—北京—汉城，国航将源自英国的旅客运经北京后再运到韩国。
第七航权：完全第三国运输权。
某国或地区的航空公司完全在其本国或地区领域以外经营独立的航线，在境外两国或地区间载运客货的权利。例如：伦敦—巴黎，由汉莎航空公司承运。
第八航权：国内运输权。
某国或地区的航空公司在他国或地区领域内两地间载运客货的权利（境内经营权）。例如：北京—成都，由日本航空公司承运。
FREEDOMS OF THE AIR
First Freedom of the Air - the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, granted by one State to another State or States to fly across its territory without landing (also known as a First Freedom Right).
Second Freedom of the Air - the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, granted by one State to another State or States to land in its territory for non-traffic purposes (also known as a Second Freedom Right).
Third Freedom of The Air - the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, granted by one State to another State to put down, in the territory of the first State, traffic coming from the home State of the carrier (also known as a Third Freedom Right).
Fourth Freedom of The Air - the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, granted by one State to another State to take on, in the territory of the first State, traffic destined for the home State of the carrier (also known as a Fourth Freedom Right).
Fifth Freedom of The Air - the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, granted by one State to another State to put down and to take on, in the territory of the first State, traffic coming from or destined to a third State (also known as a Fifth Freedom Right). ICAO characterizes all "freedoms" beyond the Fifth as "so-called" because only the first five "freedoms" have been officially recognized as such by international treaty.
Sixth Freedom of The Air - the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, of transporting, via the home State of the carrier, traffic moving between two other States (also known as a Sixth Freedom Right). The so-called Sixth Freedom of the Air, unlike the first five freedoms, is not incorporated as such into any widely recognized air service agreements such as the "Five Freedoms Agreement".
Seventh Freedom of The Air - the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, granted by one State to another State, of transporting traffic between the territory of the granting State and any third State with no requirement to include on such operation any point in the territory of the recipient State, i.e the service need not connect to or be an extension of any service to/from the home State of the carrier.
Eighth Freedom of The Air - the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, of transporting cabotage traffic between two points in the territory of the granting State on a service which originates or terminates in the home country of the foreign carrier or (in connection with the so-called Seventh Freedom of the Air) outside the territory of the granting State (also known as a Eighth Freedom Right or "consecutive cabotage").
Ninth Freedom of The Air - the right or privilege of transporting cabotage traffic of the granting State on a service performed entirely within the territory of the granting State (also known as a Ninth Freedom Right or "stand alone" cabotage).
另外也有所谓第九航权，是指上述第八航权分为连续的和非连续的两种，如果是“非连续的国内载运权”即为第九航权。值得留意的是第八航权和第九航权的区别，虽然两者都是关于在另外一个国家内运输客货，但是：第八航权所谓"cabotage"，只能是从自己国家的一条航线在别国的延长。但是第九航权，所谓的"full cabotage"，可以是完全在另外一个国家开设的航线。
例如Qantas在新西兰境内的运营点对点的……AKL-WLG，AKL-CHC之类，就是第九航权的例子。所谓"open sky"所给予的自由都是第九航权，而不仅仅是第八航权(cabotage)。
Source: Manual on the Regulation of International Air Transport (Doc 9626, Part 4)
请参考Wikipedia 英文版说明
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedoms_of_the_air
